• Miranda Marquit writes about FDIC coverage.  Interesting questions about what isn’t covered, which might surprise you.
• FreeFromBroke discusses the CARD act.   This of course would have been a much better piece of legislation if the companies in question weren’t given a 9 month window to undermine all the changes.
• A great article about couponing in Canadian Finance Blog.  I have tried so many times to become a “couponer.”  I feel like I”m leaving a ton of money on the table.  That $1 coupon is worth more than a dollar of cash!
• I thought I’d go ahead and mention an article I did on bank accounts and credit scores.  I actually didn’t know a lot of this information before I did the research.  Summary:  Bank accounts don’t affect credit scores, but lenders have access to other scores that bank accounts do affect.
• Weakonomics discusses inflation and the stock market.  While I wouldn’t go so far as to say I’m not worried about inflation, I do agree that the stock market is a good hedge against inflation.

Post from: Personal Finance And Investing

Wednesday Links – February 24, 2010

Photo by: stephen.moore

When it comes to investing, is America still the most sensible place to keep your money?  This question involves a lot of elements and has no simple answer.  There are however, some pieces of conventional wisdom that may deserve a little extra attention.

Is China the Future?

Listening to the media, you would think the ascendancy of the Chinese is all but assured.  They are one of the few economies to truly start enjoying an alleged rebound from the economic crisis and were already becoming a behemoth before the latest financial woes.  Surely Asia is where the future lies.

What is often forgotten in all of this is that China is not an open society.  In the modern era we assume that the wool can’t be pulled over investors’ eyes.  China however can easily give out misleading numbers to investors.^[1] Moreover, because of the amount of their economy that is centrally planned, they can essentially manipulate their own markets very easily.  Their current stimulus may largely consist of creating unused infrastructure to keep their populace employed.^[2]

Inflation: The Ugly Contest

Another supposed factor in why our money should be fleeing US Dollars is the hyper-inflation that will be driven by all the stimulus spending.  The thinking goes that any kind of recovery in the economy will be coupled with inflation from all the money that’s been printed to finance the stimulus.  While this seems reasonable, at the same time it’s been suggested that as much as 40 percent of the World’s wealth was destroyed by the financial crisis.^[3] With a good deal of that being in America, it seems that we may be able to survive some quantitative easing.

Moreover, those who are looking for another currency into which to move their funds may find it difficult to find another country’s currency that isn’t just as ugly as the Dollar.  Most of the European countries have used debt to finance significant stimulus as well.  Additionally these countries have less business-friendly policies than the US and may be just as slow to recover.  China and much of Asia suffer from the dangers of being net exporters, which is a dangerous position when the rest of the world isn’t buying anything.  While inflation remains a reasonable fear, it may not be quite as dangerous as it appears.

The Dollar as the Reserve Currency

Many nations are suggesting that the time has come to move away from the Dollar as the World’s reserve currency.^[4] Due to the staggering amount of money we’re printing, countries such as China have begun to suggest that banks should begin to use various other instruments as their reserve currencies.  While this is an understandable sentiment, several things impact this position:

• Most of these countries own a lot of US Dollars.  They don’t necessarily want to see the Dollar fall too precipitously.^[5]

• No one is forcing the Dollar to be a reserve currency right now.  Central bankers can hold their reserves in whatever they like; they simply tend to prefer dollars for a variety of reasons.  One of the most important is the openness of American finances versus other countries.

Hedging Your Bets

All of these dangers are real.  However they are far from sure bets.  While it makes good sense to hedge your bets and reduce your exposure to the dollar, it can be very dangerous to bet the farm on the failure of the American Dollar.  While we have certainly taken some lumps lately, it’s not clear who would be the beneficiary of the end of US hegemony.  It may be premature to bet on America’s demise.

Post from: Personal Finance And Investing

Is America Still the Land of Opportunity?

1. Economist: The Art of Chinese Massage
2. The Economist:: China’s Stimulus: Got a Light
3. Telegraph: WEF 2009: Global crisis ‘has destroyed 40pc of World’s wealth’
4. Wall Street Journal: Inevitable End to Dollar’s Reserve Role?
5. Treasury Department: Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities

Photo by: grahammclellan

The economy is always fraught with peril.  Your savings and investments are always subject to risk, and it’s your job to protect them.  Unfortunately, if it were easy to identify the risks out there, we’d do a better job of avoiding them.  One problem that seems to loom in the future of every investment decision is monetary policy.

Depreciation

The current crisis is one of deflation.  People have less money and feel less secure, so they spend less money.  This means that companies have to charge lower prices and make less money, which leads to layoffs, which leads to people having less money and feeling less secure. ^[1] This cycle is very much like the reverse of the bubbles that we’ve seen in various markets.  The bust is the logical opposite of the boom.

The key difference between the boom and the bust is that the government feels compelled to step in and try to ameliorate the effects of the bust.  They may give lip-service to trying to prevent bubbles, but ultimately their jobs depend on appearing to help “solve” a suffering economy.  Whether or not they can be effective is really beside the point, they have to be seen as “trying.”

The Consequences

The natural upshot of all of this is what is referred to as counter-cyclical policy.  When the private sector is not spending, the government steps up to fill the gap.  Hopefully, the things the government spends its money on providing long term benefits, as well as the short term benefit of creating jobs and demand.  While it may seem like any kind of spending will help break the vicious cycle of depreciation, hopefully you can also reap lasting benefits out of it.  A good example is updating infrastructure like highways or utility grids.  Whether this is the best application is debatable, but ultimately the idea of counter-cyclical spending is a fairly well accepted one.

What this ultimately means however is that in the long term the real threat to your wealth is not the deflation cycle.  In fact the deflation cycle is actually making your savings worth more, while devaluing your assets like your house.  What you ultimately have to fear is the eroding power of inflation. While the government has always sought to keep inflation in check, there are several reasons to think its toolbox will be empty when the time comes.

Inflationary Policy

Anyone who has been paying close attention to government policy recently has seen monetary figures unlike any in recent memory.  The TARP is 700 billion, but represents only a fraction of the money that has already been spent to inject stability and liquidity into the system.  This is before all the counter-cyclical spending that the new administration is planning.  Regardless of the efficacy of these plans, there seems very little to prevent them from happening.  In fact the incoming President has told us to brace for TRILLION dollar deficits for some time to come.^[2]

While the government can posture about how it will cut spending or find other sources for this money, ultimately it will be borrowing it.  It will create a huge debt and will have to escape from it.  The natural escape is through inflationary policy.  By “printing” more money (printing isn’t really necessary anymore, but it’s the same effect), the government will reduce the value of that debt.  This will make it easier to manage, but ultimately will punish those with cash in the bank.

How To Protect Your Cash

TIPS are a very attractive means to protect any savings you currently have.  TIPS, or Treasury Inflation Protected Securities, are like normal Treasury Bonds, but your principal is adjusted for the Consumer Price Index (a measure of inflation).  Obviously you will receive a lower interest rate than you would with normal Treasuries; but if you believe the inflation will exceed that difference, then they are a better deal.  Currently, because of deflationary pressures, this differential is not as great as current spending should suggest.

With the current deflationary effects, and no crystal ball to know where it ends, actually purchasing TIPS can provide you a very safe location for your money.  Not only will they be protected from inflationary pressures, they are guaranteed to retain their value.^[3] Even if inflation is negative, you will do no worse than your original investment, which means you still will have effectively made money.

For those who are feeling very risk averse and who are concerned about inflation as a result of the current levels of government spending, TIPS provide a safe place to make sure your money is safe.  While they aren’t going to provide fantastic net returns, they are at least going to keep up with inflation, which may not be such a bad deal.

Post from: Personal Finance And Investing

What We Should Fear Volume One: Inflation

1. NPR – The Economic Battle: Deflation Vs. Inflation
2. Washington Post – Obama Predicts Years of Deficits Over $1 Trillion
3. Treasury Direct – Treasury Inflation Protected Securities